It always starts with good intentions. Your toddler is fussy or irritable, and you’ve seen how the tablet calms them down. Why not hand it over for a few minutes to prevent a tantrum while you get dinner ready?
It’s a scene that plays out successfully in many households everyday, but the short-term victory may lead to a major parenting challenge in the future, according to new research.
The study, which appeared in JAMA Pediatrics, found that more tablet use at age three-and-a-half was associated with increased anger a year later. A child’s inclination to become angry or frustrated at four-and-a-half was then linked to more tablet time at five-and-a-half.
The findings suggest that providing a toddler with a tablet, especially when they’re expressing negative emotions, can eventually backfire, the study’s lead author, Dr. Caroline Fitzpatrick, told Mashable.
“The ability to regulate emotions doesn’t happen automatically,” said Fitzpatrick, who is a child development researcher at the Université de Sherbrooke in Canada.
Instead, young children commonly develop this skill through supportive interactions with their parents or caregivers, and through play. But when they have a tablet in their hands, those opportunities typically disappear.
Dr. Kathryn Keough, a psychologist with the Child Mind Institute’s Anxiety Disorders Center, said the study’s results, in addition to similar research on tablet use among young children, make a compelling case for parents to reconsider when and how they provide the device to their kids.
“The big thing is to transition away from tablets as much as possible for preschool-age children and younger, given the research that’s come out,” Keough said. She noted that even educational apps are unlikely to have as positive an impact on a young child as playing with a parent or sibling, or exploring their surroundings, like a backyard.
The transition away from tablet time may be tough, but Keough offered a step-by-step guide for helping a toddler adjust:
1. Practice self-compassion.
As a psychologist who treats young children for mental health conditions, Keough has seen this scenario plenty of times. She knows why parents rely on tablets and other devices with kids: because it works. In the moment, a screen provides enough stimulation and distraction to help a child quickly move past difficult feelings. “I hope they can give themselves grace,” Keough said of parents who’ve been using tablets in this situation.
Once parents realize the risks of relying on a tablet when their child is frustrated, angry, or sad, they can commit to changing that habit.
2. Set expectations.
If parents don’t yet have specific time for tablet use, like after dinnertime, Keough recommends designating one. Ideally, this window would align with the guidelines for two- to five-year-olds created by the American Academy of Pediatrics, which is no more than one hour per day of high-quality programming, viewed with a parent.
Importantly, Fitzpatrick’s study found no negative effects on anger for children who followed the recommended one hour or less of tablet time. But every 73 minutes in daily tablet use above that threshold led to significant increases in angry outbursts.
Once children understand they can only use the tablet at a specific time during the day, they’ll be better prepared to handle not receiving it on demand, or when they’re struggling. For parents of younger children, who may not yet be verbal, Keough said it’s possible to keep the tablet out of sight without them remembering that it’s an option.
3. Coach your child through difficult feelings.
In general, parents trying to reduce tablet use should focus on emotion regulation strategies with their child, like naming feelings and practicing deep breaths.
For example, saying aloud that the child seems frustrated helps them better understand the emotions they’re experiencing. Inviting them to then take a break and breathe deeply or count to 10 demonstrates how they can cope with hard feelings.
Keough said that parents should try to model similar behavior. If they spill a cup of coffee, for example, it’s a good opportunity for the parent to say aloud that they were rushing, and that mistakes happen. Keough noted that adults tend to cope internally, sometimes because they’re embarrassed to acknowledge their own feelings. But doing so out loud can set a powerful example for a young child.
4. Weather the storm.
Parents should fully expect that a toddler or preschooler will have a tantrum when they’re accustomed to getting a tablet and don’t. Keough said parents who can stay firm with this boundary, even amid an ear-splitting outburst, will eventually see progress. During the tantrum, Keough said parents can calmly remind their child of the times when tablet use is appropriate, and explain that it’s now time to calm down.
As soon as the child starts to relax, it’s important to affirm them by saying they did a good job calming down. If a parent had their own emotional blowup during the tantrum, Keough said they can acknowledge to their child what happened, and say they’re sorry for reacting negatively.
5. Be mindful of your own device use.
When a parent is trying to curb their toddler’s tablet use, it’s important that they also reflect on their own habits. The goal is to model behavior for their child, which certainly means avoiding picking up a smartphone during stressful moments. But it can also mean restricting device use at meal times so your child experiences family conversation and connection without devices present. To help set these boundaries, Fitzpatrick recommends adopting a family media use plan.
6. Encourage play.
Shifting away from tablet use can give children more time to spend on imaginative or pretend play, which helps them develop key social, emotional, and cognitive skills, Keough said. She suggests that parents also set aside time every day to play with them, even if it’s for five minutes. They can encourage pretend play by modeling how to use objects creatively and by acting out characters.
Of course, parents should remember to leave their phone out of reach in order to be fully immersed in playtime.
 Helpful tips to wean your toddler off their tablet.Â
The Amazon Marketplace: Empowering Sellers and Shaping Consumer Behavior
The Amazon Marketplace has emerged as a powerful force in the global economy, redefining how businesses operate and how consumers shop. Since its launch in 2000, Amazon Marketplace has grown into one of the largest online marketplaces in the world, with millions of sellers and an even larger base of customers. This platform has not only democratized e-commerce, providing opportunities for businesses of all sizes, but it has also significantly influenced consumer behavior. This article explores how the Amazon Marketplace empowers sellers and shapes consumer behavior.
Empowering Sellers: Opportunities and Challenges
The Amazon Marketplace has opened up unprecedented opportunities for sellers, from individual entrepreneurs to large corporations. One of the most significant benefits for sellers is the access to Amazon’s vast customer base. With over 300 million active users globally, Amazon provides a ready-made audience for sellers, eliminating the need for extensive marketing efforts to drive traffic to their products.
Lower Barriers to Entry
One of the most profound ways Amazon empowers sellers is by lowering the barriers to entry into the e-commerce space. Traditionally, setting up an online store required significant investment in website development, payment processing systems, and logistics. Amazon Marketplace simplifies this process by providing a platform where sellers can list their products, handle transactions, and even manage shipping through Amazon’s Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) service.
FBA, in particular, has been a game-changer for many small and medium-sized businesses. It allows sellers to store their products in Amazon’s warehouses, where Amazon takes care of packing, shipping, and even customer service. This service not only reduces the logistical burden on sellers but also ensures that their products are eligible for Amazon Prime, which can significantly boost sales.
Global Reach
The global reach of Amazon Marketplace is another significant advantage for sellers. With Amazon’s presence in numerous countries, sellers can tap into international markets with relative ease. Amazon’s Global Selling program enables sellers to list their products in multiple countries, allowing them to expand their customer base far beyond their home market. This global reach is particularly beneficial for small businesses that may not have the resources to enter international markets independently.
Data and Analytics
Amazon provides sellers with valuable data and analytics tools that can help them optimize their listings and marketing strategies. Through the Seller Central dashboard, sellers have access to detailed reports on sales, customer behavior, and advertising performance. This data-driven approach allows sellers to make informed decisions about pricing, inventory management, and advertising, ultimately leading to better business outcomes.
Challenges for Sellers
However, selling on Amazon is not without its challenges. The competition on the platform is fierce, with millions of sellers vying for the attention of customers. To stand out, sellers must invest in optimizing their product listings, managing reviews, and running targeted advertising campaigns. Additionally, Amazon’s fee structure, which includes referral fees, FBA fees, and other charges, can eat into sellers’ profit margins, especially for those selling low-margin products.
Moreover, Amazon’s control over the marketplace means that sellers are subject to its policies and regulations. This can be a double-edged sword; while Amazon’s strict guidelines help maintain a level of quality and trust on the platform, they can also be restrictive for sellers. Policy changes, such as adjustments to fee structures or new regulations regarding product listings, can have a significant impact on sellers’ businesses.
Shaping Consumer Behavior: Convenience and Choice
The Amazon Marketplace has not only empowered sellers but also transformed consumer behavior in profound ways. The platform has become synonymous with convenience, choice, and competitive pricing, which are key drivers of consumer decisions.
Convenience and Speed
One of the most significant impacts of Amazon on consumer behavior is the expectation of convenience and speed. Amazon’s streamlined shopping experience, coupled with services like Amazon Prime, has set a new standard for online shopping. Consumers now expect fast, often same-day, delivery, easy returns, and a seamless shopping experience across devices. This has raised the bar for other e-commerce platforms and even brick-and-mortar stores, which have had to adapt to meet these heightened expectations.
The convenience offered by Amazon extends beyond just delivery speed. Features like one-click purchasing, personalized recommendations, and a user-friendly mobile app have made shopping on Amazon almost effortless. This ease of use has contributed to the platform becoming the go-to destination for many consumers, particularly for everyday purchases.
Broad Product Selection
Amazon’s vast selection of products is another factor that has shaped consumer behavior. The marketplace offers a seemingly endless array of products across virtually every category, from electronics to groceries. This extensive selection is possible because of the millions of third-party sellers who list their products on the platform, alongside Amazon’s own offerings.
This breadth of choice has shifted consumer expectations, leading to a preference for platforms that offer a wide variety of options. Consumers are now less willing to visit multiple websites or stores to find what they need, preferring the convenience of one-stop shopping. This trend has also put pressure on traditional retailers to expand their product offerings and improve their online shopping experiences.
Price Sensitivity and Competitive Pricing
Amazon’s pricing strategies have also influenced consumer behavior, making customers more price-sensitive. The platform’s dynamic pricing model, where prices can change frequently based on factors like demand and competition, encourages consumers to compare prices and seek out the best deals. Additionally, features like Amazon’s price tracking tools and the ability to view historical prices have made consumers more aware of price fluctuations and more likely to wait for discounts before making a purchase.
This increased price sensitivity has impacted the broader retail landscape, forcing competitors to adopt more aggressive pricing strategies to stay competitive. It has also led to the rise of price comparison tools and apps, further empowering consumers to find the best deals.
The Role of Reviews and Ratings
Amazon’s review system is another key factor influencing consumer behavior. Customer reviews and ratings have become a critical component of the decision-making process for many shoppers. Positive reviews can significantly boost a product’s visibility and sales, while negative reviews can deter potential buyers. This has led to a culture where consumers rely heavily on the experiences of others to guide their purchasing decisions.
The importance of reviews has also created a new challenge for sellers, who must actively manage their reputation on the platform. This has given rise to practices like review solicitation and even, unfortunately, fake reviews. However, Amazon has taken steps to combat these practices, implementing stricter policies and algorithms to detect and remove fraudulent reviews.
Conclusion
The Amazon Marketplace has had a profound impact on both sellers and consumers, reshaping the e-commerce landscape in the process. By empowering sellers with access to a global customer base, powerful data tools, and logistical support, Amazon has lowered the barriers to entry for businesses of all sizes. At the same time, the platform has transformed consumer behavior, setting new standards for convenience, choice, and pricing.
As Amazon continues to evolve, its influence on the global economy and consumer culture will likely only grow. For sellers, the challenge will be to navigate the complexities of the platform and find ways to stand out in an increasingly crowded marketplace. For consumers, the Amazon Marketplace will continue to be a driving force behind the expectations and behaviors that define the future of shopping.
